Oral+Presentations+Summaries

In this page, a summary of the other oral presentations presented in class.

**Glass** (Isabel and María Gabriela)

 Glass is a hard, fragile and transparent material used to decore buildings, houses, malls, or any construction and to create decorative or functional objects. There are glasses of different colors, transparent colors.

Properties of glass:
 * Good thermal conductor
 * It is an electricalling insulating material
 * It reflects, absorbes and transmits luminosity.

Basic types of glass:
 * Lime Glass
 * Lead Glass
 * Borosilicate Glass
 * Aluminio-silicate Glass
 * Ninetysix percent silica glass
 * Fused silica glass


 * Properties and shapes** (Andrea and Ana)

Shape is the part of the space occupied by the objects.  __Shapes Clasification__
 * Geometrical shapes: geometrical shape are that shapes with especific forms, for example: circules, square and triangle. Each of the them has their own features.
 * Organic shapes: are that shapes that belongs to nature. Sometimes the man creates objects thaking inspiration from natural objects.
 * Artificial shapes: are that shapes created by the man. For example: a car, a chair, a table, etc.

__Types of shapes:__


 * Two dimensional (flat shapes) and Three dimensional (shapes with volume).

__Elements that conform shapes__


 * Size: the size depends of the comparison with other physical object. It is the comparizon of bigger or smallest.
 * Color: shapes can be seen trought color. The color in the shape is the reaction of an object to the light rays troght which we perceive.
 * Texture: it refers to the external appearance of the objects.

Structure is the part or parts of a building that hold it up and give it its shape
 * Structure** (Lisimar and Ivan)

__Elements of the structure of a building__
 * Column: it is one of the most important vertical supports.
 * Beam: it is used to withstand load.
 * Cantilever: it is a beam supported on only one end.
 * Frame: it is a system, a big sistem to give the form to a building. It is used to support other components.
 * Wall: it is a vertical element used to separate spaces internal.
 * Foundation: the foundation is a very important part of the structure. The fundation gives the property of field stability to the construction.
 * Arch: it is a element to decorate but it also works as structure. It is curved or pointed.
 * Vault: it is an arched structure forming a supporting structure of a ceiling or roof.
 * Dome: it is a convex roof.
 * Truss: it is a structure comprising one or more triangular units constructed with straight slender members.
 * Space Frame: it is a truss-like, lightweight rigid structure.
 * Tensile Structure: it is a construction of elements carrying only tension.
 * Buttress: it is an architectural structure projecting from a wall which serves to support the wall.
 * Flying Buttress: it is a specific type of buttress.
 * Gable: it is the triangular portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping room.

**Wood (Gloria and Gabriela)** Wood is an organic material produced as secondary xilem in the stems of woody plants, trees and shrubs.

Types of wood:
 * Softwood: wood from coliners trees.
 * Hardwood: wood from dicotyledons.

Clasification of wodd by its composition:
 * Bitter: Its taste is less enjoyable to termites.
 * Sweet: it is more sensitive to termites attack.

Advantages of wood:
 * It is a tought material and has certain flexibility.
 * It is more resistent than steel or concrete because in a fire it keeps the structure and load capacity.

Disadvantages of wood: 
 * Moisture sensibility
 * To create wood is required destroying trees and forest worldwide.